European Immigrations - 2 Table of Contents - 6 Introduction - 8 1 Transition from emigration to immigration Is it the destiny of modern European countries? - 24 2 Early starters and latecomers Comparing countries of immigration and immigration regimes in Europe - 46 3 ‘Old’ immigration countries in Europe The concept and empirical examples - 66 4 Migration transitions in an era of liquid migration Reflections on Fassmann and Reeger - 92 5 Immigrants, markets and policies in Southern Europe The making of an immigration model? - 108 6 The Southern European ‘model of immigration’ A sceptical view - 150 7 Framing the Iberian model of labour migration Employment exploitation, de facto deregulation and formal compensation - 160 8 Patterns of immigration in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland A comparative perspective - 180 9 An uncertain future of immigration in Europe Insights from expert-based stochastic forecasts for selected countries - 212 10 Comments on ‘An uncertain future of immigration in Europe’ by Wis´niowski et al. - 234 11 Migration policy matters A comparative analysis of policy recommendations - 240 12 The evolving area of freedom, security and justice Taking stock and thinking ahead - 260 Europe, a continent of immigrants A conclusion - 270 Contributors - 276