Traditionally, Christian theology interprets biblical righteousness and suffering as mirroring Christ’s righteous suffering. Yet how does this theological reading relate to scholarly exegesis and biblical theology? The question, for instance, is what role the Old Testament, with its emphasis on human righteousness and suffering, plays in this context. This volume—the unique result of a fruitful cooperation of Evangelical and Reformed biblical scholars and theologians from the Netherlands and France—explores this issue. Drawing on Gert Kwakkel’s exegetical and hermeneutical reflections in studying the Psalms of Innocence, Abram’s righteousness, and Job’s suffering, it shows how a healthy combination of thorough biblical exegesis and careful theological reflection might look.