Acknowledgements
Figures

Introduction
How Workers’ Travel was Controlled in Many Ways
Mobility in Key Dutch Industrial Centers
Grasping the Worker’s Perspective of Mobility

1 Responding to the Transport Mismatch, 1920-1940
1.1 Transport Mismatch between Home and Work
1.2 Workers Seek Mobility Alternatives
Conclusion

2 Protesting Bus Regulations during the Depression, 1926-1938
2.1 State Regulation of Passenger Buses
2.2 Workers Respond with a Miner Bus Boycott
Conclusion

3 Mobility Austerity during War and Scarcity, 1940-1947
3.1 Wartime Transport Mismatch
3.2 Wartime Mobility Austerity
3.3 Scarcity and Austerity Continue After the War
Conclusion

4 Mobility Barriers during Postwar Industrialization, 1947-1970
4.1 Lack of Affordable Housing Near Jobs
4.2 Public Transit Falls Short
Conclusion

5 Postwar Mobility Practices, 1947-1970
5.1 Urban and Peri-Urban Workers Keep on Cycling and Discover Mopeds
5.2 Company Buses for Rural and Migrant Workers
Conclusion

6 Disciplining Cyclists and Moped Riders
6.1 Companies Fear for Workers’ Safety in Postwar Traffic
6.2 Policing and Schooling
Conclusion

7 Mobilizing Rural and Migrant Workers by Company Bus
7.1 Employers as Driving Force Behind Worker Buses
7.2 The Social Aspect of Bus Commuting
7.3 Control Techniques and Strategies
Conclusion

8 Leaving Workers to their Own Devices during Deindustrialization, 1970-1990
8.1 Employers Withdraw
8.2 Forcing Car Commuting as the New Normal
8.3 Accessibility Crisis for the Car-less
Conclusion

Conclusion

Bibliography
Archival Collections
Online Collections
Newspaper and Journal Articles
Published Documentation of Government and Non-Governmental Organizations
Scholarly Publications

Index